Jude the Obscure

 

HELLO READERS,

This blog is a part of Thinking activity task of Jude the Obscure by Thomas Hardy Assigned by Dr. Dilip Barad (Professor and HOD of Department of English MKBU).

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1.What is the significance of epigraph written by Hardy - 'Letter Killeth' - for this novel, Jude the Obscure ?

In Thomas Hardy's novel "Jude the Obscure," the epigraph "Letter Killeth" holds a significant role, emphasizing a central theme of the story. The epigraph is a biblical reference from 2 Corinthians 3:6, which states, "Who also hath made us able ministers of the new testament; not of the letter, but of the spirit: for the letter killeth, but the spirit giveth life."

In simpler terms, this biblical passage suggests that following strict rules and adhering to traditions, represented by "the letter," can have detrimental consequences, even leading to harm or death. In contrast, embracing personal desires, ambitions, and the "spirit" of individuality brings life and vitality.

In the context of the novel, this epigraph sets the stage for the ongoing conflict between societal norms and individual aspirations. Jude, the protagonist, challenges the rigid norms and expectations of Victorian society, particularly in his pursuit of education and personal happiness. His struggles against the oppressive constraints of societal conventions ultimately result in tragic outcomes.

The epigraph, "Letter Killeth," serves as a forewarning, indicating that strict adherence to societal rules can be suffocating and ultimately self-destructive. It highlights the novel's exploration of the tension between personal freedom and the limitations imposed by a rigid society. Therefore, it plays a vital role in helping readers understand the novel's message and the consequences of defying societal norms.

2.Is it possible to connect the meaning of the epigraph of 'Esdras' at the beginning of the first chapter of the novel and the myth of Bhasmasur?

 In the novel's first chapter, the epigraph references 'Esdras,' which is a book in the Bible. This inclusion of a biblical reference suggests the presence of religious or moral themes in the story. The Bible often contains teachings and guidance on how one should lead their life, emphasizing moral principles and rules to follow.

Now, let's connect this to the myth of Bhasmasur from Hindu mythology. In the Bhasmasur myth, a demon gains the power to turn anyone to ashes simply by touching them. This myth underscores the peril of wielding unchecked power and the devastating consequences that can result from it.

In connecting the 'Esdras' epigraph to the Bhasmasur myth, there is a parallel between the two. 'Esdras' could symbolize authority, rules, or moral codes – something that dictates how one should behave. In contrast, Bhasmasur represents the misuse of power and the potential harm that can arise when someone possesses power without the wisdom to wield it responsibly.

So, in the context of the novel, this connection might hint at the overarching themes of authority, power, and their potential dangers. It suggests that the story may explore the consequences of adhering too rigidly to rules or wielding power without understanding its implications. This connection between the epigraph and the myth adds depth to the themes and message of the novel.

3.Jude The Obscure: Hardy's Symbolic Indictment of Christianity. Norman Holland, Jr.

In Thomas Hardy's "Jude the Obscure," the author employs symbolism to critique certain aspects of Christianity, highlighting potential problems and flaws within the religion. Rather than launching a wholesale attack on the entire faith, the novel serves as a platform for exploring these concerns.

For instance, the character of Sue deviates from traditional Christian beliefs about marriage within her community, which serves as a vehicle for questioning the conventional Christian views on matrimony and related topics.

Furthermore, Jude's character can be seen as representative of Old Testament ideas, as discussed by Matthew Arnold in "Culture and Anarchy." Mr. Philoston, a non-Jewish character, adds complexity to the narrative and ties into broader discussions about religious beliefs, including Christianity, Judaism, and even paganism. Through these characters and their experiences, Hardy's novel engages in a nuanced critique of certain facets of these belief systems.

4.Structure of the Novel 'Jude the Obscure'

"Jude the Obscure" by Thomas Hardy is a tragic novel that tells the story of Jude Fawley and his complex relationships in the late 19th century. Here is a summarized overview of the novel:

Jude Fawley, a working-class young man with dreams of becoming a scholar, falls in love with his cousin, Sue Bridehead. The novel explores their struggles and the societal pressures they face. They move to the city of Christminster, aspiring to achieve their academic and intellectual goals.

However, Jude's dream of studying at Christminster is fraught with challenges, and his relationship with Sue becomes increasingly complicated. They live together but are not legally married, which leads to social isolation and judgment. Jude and Sue's relationship faces more difficulties as they grapple with their personal doubts and the weight of societal expectations.

Jude eventually returns to Christminster, while Sue becomes disillusioned with the institution of marriage. The novel reaches a tragic conclusion as the characters' lives unravel due to their unconventional choices and the unforgiving nature of Victorian society.

"Jude the Obscure" is a powerful critique of the social and moral conventions of its time and explores themes of love, education, class, and the human struggle for self-fulfillment. It's a poignant and tragic tale that reflects the harsh realities of the era in which it is set.

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